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1 Inbreeding in Cattle
https://www.thecattlesite.com/articles/755/inbreeding-in-cattle/
Inbreeding does not create undesirable recessive genes, but it does tend to bring to light these unfavorable genetics. This leads to a decline in average ...
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2 Can you breed registered cattle father to daughter, mother to ...
https://beef-cattle.extension.org/can-you-breed-registered-cattle-father-to-daughter-mother-to-son-and-brother-to-sister/
Inbreeding generally is detrimental to long-term reproductive performance and growth. Highly inbred cattle are also more susceptible to ...
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3 Common methods to avoid inbreeding - Progressive Cattle
https://www.agproud.com/articles/48740-common-methods-to-avoid-inbreeding
You can avoid inbreeding if you utilize several breeding groups – if you know the parents of the cows. This is impossible, however, ...
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4 Genetic Defects and the Effects of Inbreeding
http://doublehelixranch.com/defects.html
All breeders who maintain a single breed of cattle are practicing some degree of inbreeding. However, the level of inbreeding varies considerably with different ...
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5 The truth about inbreeding in dairy cattle
https://hoards.com/article-26575-the-truth-about-inbreeding-in-dairy-cattle.html
“Admittedly, inbreeding is sometimes made out to be more complicated than it really is,” said Cole. “Inbreeding is simply mating animals that ...
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6 Inbreeding: Work on keeping your herd in the "safe zone"
https://www.wisfarmer.com/story/opinion/columnists/2019/10/04/inbreeding-work-keeping-your-herd-safe-zone/2418511001/
What we have found is that the level of inbreeding in our dairy herds is greater than what we originally thought. Young genomic bulls are 13.27% ...
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7 Is Inbreeding Livestock Okay? - The Thrifty Homesteader
https://thriftyhomesteader.com/inbreeding-livestock/
If you are breeding for meat it doesn't matter if you are inbreeding or line breeding. The offspring will not be bred they will be eaten. If you ...
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8 Managing inbreeding within a beef seedstock enterprise
https://www.beefcentral.com/genetics/managing-inbreeding-within-a-beef-seedstock-enterprise/
Inbreeding is essentially the mating of animals that are related. Within the pedigree of the mated sire and dam, one or more animals will be ...
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9 Trends in genetic diversity and the effect of inbreeding in ...
https://gsejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12711-021-00644-z
Inbreeding depression has been documented in beef cattle for growth and reproduction traits. Carolino and Gama [13] found that an increase in ...
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10 Inbreeding in cattle: What are the pros and cons associated ...
https://www.africanfarming.com/inbreeding-cattle-pros-cons/
In-breeding can cause major problems such as weak skin, a short lower jaw or stunted growth. Sometimes the defect may not be visible, but can affect function ...
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11 Inbreeding raises risk of genetic problems
https://www.producer.com/livestock/inbreeding-raises-risk-of-genetic-problems/
There are many undesirable genetic conditions in cattle, including dwarfism, hairlessness and edema. Some problems are inherited as dominant ...
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12 Inbreeding: Its Meaning, Uses and Effects on Farm Animals
https://extension.missouri.edu/publications/g2911
Inbreeding is technically defined as the mating of animals more closely related than the average relationship within the breed or population concerned. For ...
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13 Inbreeding and Linebreeding
https://extension.msstate.edu/sites/default/files/topic-files/cattle-business-mississippi-articles/cattle-business-mississippi-articles-landing-page/mca_junjul2015.pdf
However, if we say this bull's sire is also his grandsire and basically is a ... Linebreeding and inbreeding have their places in beef cattle production.
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14 6 Steps to Understanding & Managing Inbreeding in Your Herd
https://www.thebullvine.com/inbreeding/6-steps-understanding-managing-inbreeding-dairy-herd/
It can happen that a cow and a bull each have low inbreeding percents but due to being from similar bloodlines the resulting progeny are inbred.
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15 Get Bull Management Problems Under Control
https://www.noble.org/news/publications/ag-news-and-views/1999/february/get-bull-management-problems-under-control/
When replacement heifers are kept from within the herd, close inbreeding will occur when a bull is used for three or more years. There are two ways to avoid ...
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16 Is Inbreeding Bad For Farmers | Dairy Cattle Breeding - LIC
https://licnz.com/news/inbreeding-is-it-really-that-bad/
Inbred animals generally: ... They are more likely to suffer from the impact of recessive genetic defects. ... The measured losses of inbreeding are ...
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17 Linebreeding and Inbreeding - Lone Mountain Cattle Company
https://www.lonemountaincattle.com/breeding-guide/technical-resources/linebreeding-and-inbreeding/
The difference between inbreeding and line breeding lies in the degrees of separation between one half of a breeding pair and the other. Inbreeding means mating ...
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18 Inbreeding | Cornell Applied Dairy Cattle Genetics
https://blogs.cornell.edu/dairygenetics/research/inbreeding/
For quantity, inbreeding causes decrease in both average dairy milk production and the days of productive life in cows, leading to a decrease in total milk ...
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19 Inbreeding Effects on Milk Production, Calving Performance ...
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030207719021
The inbreeding depression experienced by a cow with inbreeding of 12.5% (following the mating of noninbred half-sibs) was 0.36, 2.09, and 4.35% of the mean for ...
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20 Using inbreeding to improve growth and other phenotypes
https://www.fao.org/3/x3840e/x3840e06.htm
Inbreeding is one of the three major traditional breeding programmes that breeders have used for centuries to improve animals and plants. While it is not as ...
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21 An evaluation of inbreeding measures using a whole-genome ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-020-00383-9
Genomic inbreeding measures can also be estimated using genetic markers. ... We utilized cattle whole-genome sequence data to empirically ...
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22 Genetic relationship, inbreeding and generation interval in ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21395721/
Culling of old bulls could decrease this interval. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Verwandtschaft, Inzucht und Generationsintervall bei Gir Herdbuchrindern in Brasilien 200 ...
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23 Inbreeding Trends in Pedigree Beef Cattle - ICBF
https://www.icbf.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Inbreeding-trends.pdf
*minimum value; will be higher if ancestors are themselves inbred ... •Expresses the increase in average inbreeding level (F) from one.
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24 Runs of homozygosity in a selected cattle population ... - PLOS
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0200069
According to Leroy [1], the decreased fitness could be mediated by three ... One of the most common approaches for studying inbreeding ...
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25 Controlling Inbreeding in Modern Breeding Programs
https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(01)70213-5/pdf
species, and these can be modified to consider selection for ... rates of inbreeding in dairy cattle are approaching the critical.
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26 Effect of Inbreeding on Lifetime Performance of Dairy Cows
https://wcds.ualberta.ca/wcds/wp-content/uploads/sites/57/wcds_archive/Archive/1999/Manuscripts/Chapt%2002-%20Cassell.pdf
Inbreeding will reduce performance of animals whether herd management recognizes those losses or not. One objective of this paper is to encourage complete ...
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27 Breeding Matters III – Inbreeding vs. Line Breeding - On Pasture
https://onpasture.com/2014/10/20/breeding-matters-iii-inbreeding-vs-line-breeding/
In any case, mating two full siblings together does not qualify as inbreeding because the level of influence any one of the grandparents ...
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28 Inbreeding and Inbreeding Depression in Linebred Beef Cattle
https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/15881/hieber-inbreeding-and-2020.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
Runs of homozygosity (ROH) is one of the methods developed to estimate the genomic level of inbreeding and can be used to supplement pedigree-based ...
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29 From Two Bulls, Nine Million Dairy Cows - Scientific American
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/from-two-bulls-nine-million-dairy-cows/
The “inbreeding coefficient” for Holsteins is currently around 8 percent, meaning an average calf gets identical copies of 8 percent of its ...
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30 Can A Bull Breed His Offspring? - Animalpolis
https://animalpolis.com/can-a-bull-breed-his-offspring/
Yes, you can breed brother and sister cows. This is another form of inbreeding that may also lead to inbreeding depression though this usually occurs at a lower ...
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31 Dairy Report: Holstein Inbreeding Stands at 8%, Cattle on ...
https://www.dairyherd.com/news-news/dairy-report-holstein-inbreeding-stands-8-cattle-feed-drops
AgSource has been tracking inbreeding levels since 2011, and now has compiled data from more than 1.4 million cows. The current level of ...
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32 The Truth About Inbreeding in Dairy Cattle - John Cole, USDA ...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQfbqKrKqjg
HolsteinUSA
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33 Thesis-1946-M112i.pdf - ShareOK
https://shareok.org/bitstream/handle/11244/43856/Thesis-1946-M112i.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
bred families or lines; however, if' the inbreeding coefficient ... Earl Marshall sired five bulls and one cow that were made.
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34 Dairy cows are increasingly inbred. Have we gone too far?
https://farmersforum.com/dairy-cows-are-increasingly-inbred-have-we-gone-too-far/
“When you found one, you bred the hell out of it.” Embryo flushing and the use of artificial insemination meant one bull and one cow could ...
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35 Producer Questions prior to 2009 Bull Management - UNL Beef
https://beef.unl.edu/bullmgtquestions
Inbreeding increases the pairing of similar genes, or increases the number of homozygosis genes. Although this can lead to animals that are more uniform, it has ...
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36 Beef Cattle Research Inbreeding | The Old Fort
https://www.fortlewis.edu/about-flc/initiatives-partnerships/the-old-fort/projects/beef-cattle-research/inbreeding
Thus, the Ouray line was initiated through sire-daughter, half-sib and outcross matings. To date, a total of 180 inbred calves with an average inbreeding of 21% ...
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37 Inbreeding: manage it to maximize profit - Alta Genetics
https://us.altagenetics.com/alta-news/inbreeding-manage-it-to-maximize-profit/
Instead of aiming for zero, or the 6.25% inbreeding industry standard maximum, set out to simply manage inbreeding levels. This way you can capitalize on ...
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38 Inbreeding depression in livestock species: review and meta ...
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/age.12178
One may also wonder if some traits or populations are more affected by inbreeding depression than are others and what the subsequent ...
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39 Genetic Background and Inbreeding Depression in ... - MDPI
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/321/htm
Genetic Background and Inbreeding Depression in Romosinuano Cattle Breed in ... were also computed [22]; these segments can be found in one or more animals.
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40 Inbreeding & how to manage it - Signet Breeding
https://signetdata.com/technical/genetic-notes/inbreeding-how-to-manage-it/
Modern livestock breeding programmes can be susceptible to increases in inbreeding due to the widespread use of AI & ET, fast generation turnover, selective use ...
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41 Inbreeding arising through artificial insemination and natural ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/animal-science/article/inbreeding-arising-through-artificial-insemination-and-natural-service-in-welsh-black-cattle/69C1AD9FE2D231226F9B218B1C46F16F
The widespread use of the descendents of one bull, both in A.I. and natural service, led to 94 cases of inbreeding in the third and fourth ...
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42 Case study of inbreeding within Japanese Black cattle using ...
https://academic.oup.com/tas/article/5/Supplement_S1/S170/6446418
In this study, Wagyu cattle have high inbreeding coefficients. Along with a small Ne, further use of linebreeding will greatly increase the risk ...
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43 Pros and cons of hitchhiking: The truth about inbreeding in ...
https://www.holsteinusa.com/pdf/genetics_conference_2019/ColeJohn_Pros%20and%20cons%20of%20hitchhiking%20-%20the%20truth%20about%20inbreeding.pdf
animals are mated to one another. • Inbreeding is inevitable in a finite population. – It can be managed, but not stopped. Cow A-148.
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44 The effect of inbreeding on Holstein-Friesian breed
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1882&context=gradreports
This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ... The impact of inbreeding in Holstein dairy cows productions.
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45 Inbreeding - fass.org
https://apps.fass.org/FASS/FASS-Science/viewarticle.asp?article_id=326
For example, some of the Roybrook sires in the Holsteins breed have been inbred. When these sires were bred widely to unrelated cows in the population, the ...
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46 Beef Cattle Breeding Research in South Dakota - Open PRAIRIE
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1126&context=agexperimentsta_circ
breeding practices. At present, five inbred lines are being developed and one 60-cow control line is being maintained. The inbred lines will vary in size.
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47 Inbreeding | Farmer's Weekly
https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/farming-basics/how-to-livestock/inbreeding/
Inbreeding is the mating of animals that are more closely related than the average animals in a breed. In this way, the proportion of ...
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48 What do the terms inbreeding and linebreeding mean?
https://kb.rspca.org.au/knowledge-base/what-do-the-terms-inbreeding-and-linebreeding-mean/
Inbreeding is the mating of related individuals who have one or more ancestors in common [ · Inbreeding reduces the genetic variation within that ...
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49 INBREEDING - VTechWorks
https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/48370/404-080_pdf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Inbreeding can also be used to “purge” a line of cattle of undesirable recessive genes. ... one fourth of all genes segregating in Holstein cattle in 1990.
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50 Inbreeding depression on beef cattle traits - Springer
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1297-9686-40-5-511.pdf
breeds, which is thought to be of African origin [21], and is one of the major ... increase in inbreeding would allow selection to act, such that the ...
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51 The Basics of Inbreeding - Zoetis
https://www.zoetisus.com/_locale-assets/mcm-portal-assets/my-resources/basics-of-inbreeding.pdf
As dairy cows have been ... per cow, greater on-farm profits—superior ... Increases in inbreeding can result in a reduction in productivity, ...
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52 Colorado Agriscience Curriculum Development
https://www.shsu.edu/academics/agricultural-sciences-and-engineering-technology/documents/U6L15.doc
How would you recommend she breed to this ancestor without intensively inbreeding? Rancher Corey wants to convert his commercial cow herd to a purebred herd.
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53 Cattle genetics - MLA
https://mbfp.mla.com.au/globalassets/mbfp/mbfp-4-cattle-genetics.pdf
Bring genetically unrelated bulls into the herd to avoid inbreeding. ... In other situations, genetics can change the way you manage the herd (eg reduced ...
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54 (PDF) The inbreeding case of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) at ...
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345205743_The_inbreeding_case_of_Bali_cattle_Bos_javanicus_at_breeding_station
... Halverson et al. (2006) reported that the inbreeding level more than 12.5% included of high category. In Bali cattle (Bos javanicus), the ...
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55 Implications of inbreeding on the dairy industry
https://www.dcrcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Implications-of-inbreeding-in-the-dairy-industry.pdf
Dairy cows have been bred for similar goals—more milk production per cow, ... The varying degrees of inbreeding can have a direct impact on genes ...
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56 a whff view on inbreeding in holstein cattle
http://www.whff.info/documentation/documents/InbreedinginHolsteinCattle_001.pdf
the genetic ability will be realised by selecting the best individuals in the ... Therefore, we generally reserve the term inbreeding for the mating of ...
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57 Crossbreeding in Beef Cattle
https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W471.pdf
One of those advantages is the phenomenon called heterosis or ... cattle can be considered inbred as a result of breed formation and selection for certain.
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58 Effect of Inbreeding On Cow Performance & Mate Selection in ...
http://wdmc.org/1999/EffectOfInbreeding.pdf
Several years ago, we began a study at Virginia. Tech to learn more about what inbreeding does to lifetime performance of the dairy cow. The work.
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59 Inbreeding levels and their effects on phenotypic expression ...
https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/rmcp/v12n4/2448-6698-rmcp-12-04-996-en.pdf
that can explain inbreeding depression since the more heterozygous an individual is, ... In dairy cattle, globalization, technological advancement and the ...
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60 Runs of homozygosity in a selected cattle population with ...
https://escholarship.org/content/qt2px9q2j9/qt2px9q2j9_noSplash_9f57137358658342f45c855255d8699a.pdf
has been scarcely used in highly inbred domestic animals. Here, we analyzed and charac- terized the occurrence of ROH fragments in highly ...
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61 Breeding Systems - TAMU Animal Science
https://animalscience.tamu.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2012/04/geneticsE189-4.pdf
Texas Adapted Genetic Strategies for Beef Cattle IV: Breeding Systems ... One type of inbreeding is linebreeding, which can, through carefully.
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62 Results of Inbreeding Grade Holstein- Friesian Cattle ^
https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT86200919/PDF
dairy herd could be bred up from an ordinary one by the use of a good bull. The plan was to mate the bull with the foundation cows and.
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63 Inbreeding Linebreeding
https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/416e7adc-e8a5-499b-af6b-3061c2f6b060/downloads/Inbreeding%20Linebreeding.pdf?ver=1616990118689
calf has occuffences of one or more ances- ... If weak or deformed cattle went into the inbred combinations. then weak or deformed cattle come out.
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64 The way we breed cows is setting them up for extinction - Quartz
https://qz.com/1649587/the-way-we-breed-cows-is-setting-them-up-for-extinction
If Holsteins were wild animals, that would put them in the category of critically endangered species. “It's pretty much one big inbred ...
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65 Population density and inbreeding effect on moose Alces ...
https://bioone.org/journals/wildlife-biology/volume-1/issue-4/wlb.1995.0027/Population-density-and-inbreeding-effect-on-moose-Alces-alces-reproduction/10.2981/wlb.1995.0027.full
Inbred, old (≥ 4 years) cows had a significantly lower calf production than old, outbred cows. Taking density into account, the effect of inbreeding remained.
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66 Inbreeding depression on beef cattle traits - Archive ouverte HAL
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00894643/document
breeds, which is thought to be of African origin [21], and is one of ... inbreeding depression would be lower than if inbreeding increased ...
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67 Inbreeding depression in Zebu cattle traits - Embrapa
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/157250/1/Inbreeding-depression.pdf
We performed a comprehensive analysis involving five Zebu breeds reared in Brazil to estimate ... inbreeding rate (ΔFi) rather than Fi would be more.
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68 Breed Diversity and Results of Inbreeding - Countryside
https://www.iamcountryside.com/homesteading/breed-diversity-and-results-of-inbreeding/
When there are many breeds, we can be sure that there is some genetic diversity among our livestock. The best beef cattle breeds, ...
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69 Embryonic genotype and inbreeding affect preimplantation ...
https://rep.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rep/141/5/625.xml
Infertility in cattle herds is a growing problem with multifactorial causes. Embryonic genotype and level of inbreeding are among the many ...
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70 Breeding Composite Seedstock Part 2
https://www.simmental.org/site/index.php/breeding-composite-seedstock-part-2
The rate of inbreeding is much faster in small populations than in large ones. If you have created your own composite breed and keep the ...
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71 Genetic Diversity of Cameroon Cattle and a Putative Genomic ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2020.550215/full
Furthermore, we found that inbred cattle were less likely to be infected with M. bovis than outbred cattle. The reasons behind this are not so ...
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72 Inbreeding in Cattle: Its challenges and how to avoid it for ...
https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/farmkenya/article/2001376079/inbreeding-in-cattle-its-challenges-and-how-to-avoid-it-for-higher-productivity
Inbreeding can simply be defined as the mating of related bulls and cows/ heifers. The decrease in fitness that comes from inbreeding is ...
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73 ELI5: how do farmers breed cows or cattle consistently without ...
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/q84l66/eli5_how_do_farmers_breed_cows_or_cattle/
It can and does happen, we do have a degree of negative effects associated with inbreeding of domesticated animals.
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74 Mysterious inbred cattle have survived long term - ABC
https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2001/01/18/234565.htm
Inbreeding has been shown to reduce fitness in wild, zoo, laboratory and farmed animals, the authors write. On the one hand there is a loss of ...
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75 Coefficients of Inbreeding and Relationship - JSTOR
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2456273
lationship-inbreeding index for a given pedigree can be ... We can thus obtain the coefficient of inbreeding fb for a ... Foljambe and Favorite cow.
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76 COI FAQS: Understanding the Coefficient of Inbreeding
https://www.instituteofcaninebiology.org/blog/coi-faqs-understanding-the-coefficient-of-inbreeding
Inbreeding levels of 5-10% will have modest detrimental effects on the offspring. Inbreeding levels above 10% will have significant effects not ...
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77 Inbreeding and recessive genes - LIC
https://www.lic.co.nz/products-and-services/artificial-breeding/inbreeding-and-recessive-genes/
Inbred animals are less productive and more likely to have genetic disorders. We can help you keep inbreeding at acceptable levels.
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78 Galloway Breed Structure, Colors and Patterns ... - Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/notes/american-galloway-breeders/galloway-breed-structure-colors-and-patterns-and-breeding-strategies/10150349209503866/
Also, and very importantly, if good cattle that are hiding weaknesses go in, these weaknesses will be exposed by inbreeding. As a result, any inbreeding needs ...
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79 How can dairy farmers tackle the risk of inbreeding?
https://www.fwi.co.uk/livestock/dairy/how-can-dairy-farmers-tackle-the-risk-of-inbreeding
Inbreeding is becoming more of an issue because selection for higher production and improved type of dairy cattle has reduced genetic ...
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80 Animal breeding and genetics for BSc students - WUR
https://www.wur.nl/upload_mm/d/b/b/614bcc19-036f-434e-9d40-609364ab26da_Textbook%20Animal%20Breeding%20and%20Genetics-v17-20151122_1057.pdf
Chapter 13.1: How to measure genetic improvement? ... For example, some breeds of dogs and beef cattle have been selected such that they are.
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81 Vol. 3, #4 "In Breeding" vs Line Breeding
https://shorthornbulletin.com/issues/3-4
Any small breeder of cattle can implement a variant of Inbreeding/Line Breeding to improve the genetic stability of their herd by deciding what ...
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82 Inbreeding and its effect on some productive traits in buffaloes ...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.372
Average inbreeding coefficient were reported 4.7% in Ayrshire cows, 3.0% in Guernsey, ... If we can't estimate inbreeding in a mating because.
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83 Inbreeding
http://abri.une.edu.au/online/pages/inbreeding_coefficient_help.htm
A low inbreeding coefficient means a low level of inbreeding (eg 3% as in the example above). In most beef cattle breed societies, the vast majority of animals ...
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84 The use of inbreeding in dairy cattle breeding - IOPscience
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/548/8/082013/pdf
Dairy cattle breeding is one of the leading livestock industries in the world, ... These individuals can be both related to each other, and may not be ...
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85 Population structure and inbreeding of Holstein cattle in ...
https://www.scielo.br/j/rbz/a/jrjyBNskqs76BTPBp3pZgHt/?lang=en&format=pdf
How to cite: Sieklicki, M. F.; Mulim, H. A.; Pinto, ... Population structure and inbreeding of Holstein cattle in southern Brazil. Sieklicki et al.
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86 Estimation of inbreeding effect on conception in Czech Holstein
https://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/154_2018-CJAS.pdf
Keywords: BLUP; breeding value; dairy cattle; Gibbs sampling; inbreeding depression ... cestors are known, Id = 1, if one of the parents is unknown, Id = 0.
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87 Too close for comfort? - farmingahead.com.au
https://www.farmingahead.com.au/animal-health/news/1330785/too-close-for-comfort
If commercial cattle producers can't avoid inbreeding, they should aim to ensure any animal bred has a low inbreeding coefficient of no more ...
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88 ASC-223: Inbreeding in Sheep - UK College of Agriculture
http://www2.ca.uky.edu/agc/pubs/ASC/ASC223/ASC223.pdf
Inbreeding can have dramatic effects on a flock. ... sheep or herds of cattle, goats or pigs. On ... Figure 1, there is only one path by which.
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89 Inbreeding - bionity.com
https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Inbreeding.html
Inbreeding is breeding between close relatives, whether plant or animal. If practiced repeatedly, it often leads to a reduction in genetic diversity.
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90 Keeping it in the family | New Scientist
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn333-keeping-it-in-the-family/
Members of a herd of cattle that has been inbred for at least 300 years are almost clones, yet the herd remains as fertile as ever, says a ...
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91 Breeding – A beginners guide to inbreeding and line breeding
https://davidcavill.wordpress.com/a-beginners-guide-to-inbreeding-and-line-breeding/
Sibel are a pretty healthy breed but I still would not mate brother and sister. Apart from the fact that you would not be able to register the pups with the KC ...
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92 Shift the Workload: Focus on Livestock Culling, Genetics
https://www.ecofarmingdaily.com/raise-healthy-livestock/cattle/shift-workload-livestock-culling-genetics/
He explains that as long as no more than 50 percent of a calf's DNA comes from any single ancestor, it's not inbreeding. Once you have genetics that perform ...
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93 Genetic Background and Inbreeding Depression in ...
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7325/8a44b468d6e1ae14b31bffde474a88f70dab.pdf
inbreeding could lead to sustainable breeding programs for the Mexican Romosinuano cattle breed. Abstract: The ultimate goal of genetic ...
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94 A note on inbreeding in dairy cattle breeding - AAB
https://aab.copernicus.org/articles/48/130/2005/aab-48-130-2005.pdf
inbreeding coefficient is part of one's coancestry with him/herself. The specific locus inbreeding (calculated as in HERNÁNDEZ-SÁNCHEZ et al., 2004b) can be ...
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95 Inbreeding - How close do you go? - Dexter Cattle For Sale
https://www.dextercattleforsale.co.uk/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?p=9826
Inbreeding/linebreeding, along with selection and heavy culling, is a powerful tool used to create excellent family lines within breeds of ...
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96 Inbreeding in Holstein Friesian Cattle Population in Turkey
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1249413
For example, the numbers of inbred cattle and their mean inbreeding ... the inbreeding coefficient of the Holstein Friesian population in the US can easily.
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97 Common Misconceptions About Inbreeding - CDN
https://www.cdn.ca/document.php?id=474
In cattle, high levels of inbreeding can be associated with decreased calf survival and fitness as well as poorer fertility. Over time, it can ...
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